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Fiber Guide for Seamless Clothing: Everything You Need to Know.

Fiber Guide for Seamless Clothing: Everything You Need to Know.

Concept

Fiber is a substance composed of continuous or discontinuous filaments.


Purpose

In animals and plants, fibers play an important role in maintaining tissue. The fiber is widely used, can be woven into a fine thread, thread end, and hemp rope, and can also be woven into a fiber layer in papermaking or weaving felt; at the same time, it is also commonly used to make other materials and form composite materials together with other materials.

The characteristics of fiber determine its quality characteristics and its applicability in specific application conditions. So what are the characteristics of fibers?


Water absorption

Fiber water absorption is the ability to absorb moisture, which is usually expressed by moisture regain. Moisture regain is an indicator of moisture absorption of textile materials. Standard moisture regain refers to the percentage of moisture content in fiber dry weight when moisture absorption and desorption reach an equilibrium state in the standard atmosphere (temperature 20 ℃, relative temperature 65%). The fiber that is easy to absorb water is called hydrophilic fiber. For example, viscose fiber and acetate fiber are hydrophilic fibers.


Chemical resistance

During textile processing (e.g. dyeing, finishing) and home / professional care or clarity (e.g. with soap, bleach, and dry cleaning solvents, etc.), fibers are generally exposed to chemicals. The type, strength, and time of chemicals affect the fiber. It is important to understand the effects of chemicals on different fibers as it is directly related to the care required in cleaning.


Elastic

Elasticity refers to the ability to recover to a rock state (recovery) after increasing length (extension) and releasing external force under tension. When the external force acts on the fiber or fabric, it can make people feel more comfortable, and the seamstress caused by it is smaller. At the same time, it has the tendency to increase fracture strength. Full recovery can help to produce fabric sagging at elbows or knees, thus preventing loose deformation of garments. The fiber that can stretch at least 100% is called elastic fiber. Spandex and rubber fibers belong to this type of fiber. After stretching, these elastic fibers can almost restore their original length.


Flammability

Flammability refers to the ability of an object to ignite or burn. This is a very important feature because people's lives are always surrounded by a variety of textiles. Clothing or indoor furniture, due to its flammability, will cause serious harm to consumers and cause significant material loss. Flammable fibers can be made into flame-retardant fibers by finishing or changing the fiber parameters. Conventional polyester, for example, is flammable, but trivia moisture control fibers are treated to be flame retardant.


Softness

Softness refers to the property that the fiber is easy to bend repeatedly without breaking. Softness affects the handle of the fabric. Generally, the thinner the fiber is, the better the durability is. Such as acetate fiber, because of its superior softness, can be made into fabrics and garments with good durability. Although it is often required that the fabric has good durability, sometimes it needs a more rigid fabric. For example, on a garment with a Cape (the garment hangs over the shoulder and turns out outwards), use a stiffer fabric to achieve the desired shape.


Hand feeling

The feel is the feeling of touching a fiber, yarn, or fabric. The hand of the fiber feels the influence of its shape, surface characteristics, and structure. The fiber morphology is different, including round, flat, and multi-leaf. There are also different fiber surfaces, such as smooth, serrated, or scaly. The shape of the fiber is either curly or straight. In addition, yarn type, fabric structure, and finishing process also affect the handle of the fabric. Terms such as softness, smoothness, dryness, silk feeling, rigidity, coarseness, or coarseness are commonly used to describe the handle of fabrics.


Gloss

Gloss is the reflection of light from the surface of a fiber. The different properties of fiber affect its glossiness. A glossy surface, less bending, flat cross-section shape, and longer fiber length can enhance the reflection of light. The drafting process in fiber manufacturing increases its luster by making its surface smoother. The addition of a matting agent will destroy the reflection of light and reduce the luster. In this way, by controlling the dosage of the matting agent, the bright fiber, the dull fiber, and the dull fiber can be made. Fabric gloss is also affected by yarn type, weave, and all finishes. The requirement for gloss will depend on fashion trends and customer needs.


Pilling

Pilling refers to some short and broken fibers on the surface of the fabric intertwined into small balls. When the end of the fiber breaks from the surface of the fabric, the pommel is formed, usually caused by wearing. POMS are produced in frequently rubbed areas, such as the collar, under-sleeve, and cuff edge. Hydrophobic fibers are more prone to pilling than hydrophilic fibers because they are more likely to attract static electricity to each other and are less likely to fall from the fabric surface.


Resilience

Resilience refers to the elastic recovery ability of materials after being folded, twisted, and twisted. It is closely related to the recovery ability of folds. Fabric with good resilience is not easy to wrinkle, so it is easy to maintain its good shape. Thicker fibers have better resilience because they have a larger mass to absorb strain. At the same time, the shape of the fiber also affects its resilience of the fiber. The circular fiber has better resilience than the flat fiber.


Relative density

The relative density is the ratio of the fiber mass to the water mass of the same volume at 4 ℃. Light fiber can keep the fabric warm and not bulky. It may be thick and fluffy, but it can still be maintained.

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